Ubuyobozi bwuzuye bwa Chemo port (Port-a-Cath) - igikoresho cy'ingirakamaro cya chimiotherapie

INTANGIRIRO

Mu buvuzi bwa none,Icyambu cya Chemo(Icyambu gishobora guterwamo implantable cyangwa Port-a-Cath), nk'igihe kirekireigikoresho cyo kugera ku mitsi, ikoreshwa cyane ku barwayi bakeneye guterwa imiti igabanya ubukana bw'imiti, imiti igabanya ubukana bw'imirire, guterwa amaraso cyangwa inkunga y'imirire. Ntabwo iteza imbere ubuzima bw'abarwayi gusa, ahubwo inagabanya ububabare bwo gutobora inshuro nyinshi ndetse n'ibyago byo kwandura. Muri iyi nkuru, turasuzuma ibisobanuro, imiterere, amoko, ibyiza n'uburyo bwo guhitamo igikwiye kugira ngo kigufashe gusobanukirwa neza iki gikoresho cy'ingenzi cy'ubuvuzi.

I. Ikibuga cya Chemo ni iki?

Icyambu cya Chemo, kizwi kandi nkaPort-a-Cathcyangwa uburyo bwo guterwamo infusion, ni igikoresho cy’ubuvuzi gishyirwa munsi y’uruhu kugira ngo cyorohereze ubuvuzi bw’imitsi mu gihe kirekire. Kigizwe n’akabati gato (port) gahujwe na catheter gashyirwa mu mutsi munini, akenshi mu gituza. Ubwo buryo bworoshye bwo gutanga imiti, imiti igabanya ubukana, guterwa amazi, no gukururwa amaraso, bigatuma hatabaho gukenera gukoresha inshinge inshuro nyinshi.

Ubusanzwe, icyambu cya chemo gikozwe mu bikoresho bihuye n'ibinyabuzima nka titaniyumu cyangwa pulasitiki hamwe na silicone septum yifunga ubwayo. Abahanga mu by'ubuzima bashobora kugera kuri icyo cyambu bakoresheje icyuma cyihariyeurushinge rwa Huber rudapfundikiye, bigabanya ububabare no kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura ugereranije na catheter zisanzwe zo mu miyoboro ya IV.

Imikoreshereze y'ingenzi ya chemotherapy ports irimo:

1. guterwa imiti ya chimiotherapie y'igihe kirekire

2. inkunga y'imirire ku babyeyi

3. guterwa amaraso kenshi cyangwa kuyakusanya

4. ubuvuzi bwa antibiyotike

5. kugabanya ububabare

Ibisobanuro n'imiterere y'icyambu cya Chemo (Port-a-Cath)

1. Ibisobanuro

Ibisobanuro bya Chemo ports bikunze gushyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe ibi bikurikira:

- Ingano: umurambararo w'intebe yo guterwamo inshinge ubusanzwe ni santimetero 2-3 kandi ubunini bwa santimetero 1

- Ubushobozi: ingano y'uruhu rw'icyuma gishyirwamo inshinge ubusanzwe ni 0.5-1.5 mL

- Ingano ya catheter: ingano ikoreshwa cyane ni 6-10 z'igifaransa

- Uburebure bwa catheter: cm 20-90 bitewe n'aho yashyizwe.

2. Ibice by'imiterere

Umuyoboro ushobora gushyirwamo ugizwe ahanini n'ibi bikurikira:

1. Intebe yo guterwamo inshinge:

– Bikozwe mu cyuma cya titaniyumu cyangwa pulasitiki

– Diaphragm ya silikoni iri hejuru, ishobora kwihanganira gupfumuka inshuro zirenga 2000.

– Hasi hari aho catheter ihurira

2. Katheteri:

– Bikozwe muri silikoni cyangwa polyurethane

– Imiterere yo kurwanya imitsi no kurwanya ubwandu

– Ishobora kuba ifite igishushanyo mbonera cy'urubaho ku iherezo.

3. Igikoresho cyo gusana:

– Ikoreshwa mu gufata agakoresho gafata inshinge n'agakoresho ka catheter

– Birinda kwimuka no kwimuka kw'ibintu

Ubwoko bw'ibyambu bishobora gushyirwamo (Ibyambu bya Chemo)

Dukurikije ibipimo bitandukanye byo gushyira mu byiciro, imiyoboro ishobora gushyirwamo ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bukurikira:

1. Gushyira mu byiciro hakurikijwe ibikoresho

- Ibikoresho byo gutera inshinge za titanium:

– Ibyiza: imbaraga nyinshi, MRI ijyanye

– Ingaruka mbi: Igiciro kiri hejuru

- Ibikoresho byo gutekesha inshinge bya pulasitiki:

– Ibyiza: igiciro gito, uburemere bworoshye

– Ingorane: MRI idahuye neza n'ikoreshwa ryayo

2. Catheters zishyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe aho impera ya catheter iri.

- Ubwoko bw'imitsi yo hagati:

– Catheter irangira muri vena cava ihanitse

– Bikwiriye imiterere myinshi.

- Ubwoko bw'imitsi yo mu gice cyo hagati:

– Katheteri irangira mu mitsi yo mu gice cyo hagati.

– Bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gihe gito

3. Binyuze ku mikorere

- Lumen imwe:

– Kubona uburyo bumwe bwo kwivuza buri gihe

- Ingufu ebyiri:

– Imiyoboro ibiri yigenga yo gutera imiti itandukanye icyarimwe.

Ibyiza byo gutera imiti iterwa mu mubiri (Chemo Ports)

1. Gukoreshwa igihe kirekire:

– Ishobora gusigara mu mwanya wayo imyaka myinshi, bigabanye gutobora inshuro nyinshi

– Bikwiriye abarwayi bakeneye kuvurwa igihe kirekire

2. Ingaruka nke zo kwandura:

– Yashyizwe mu mubiri wose, bigabanya amahirwe yo kwandura

– Igipimo cyo kwandura kiri hasi cyane ugereranije n'imitsi yo mu mitsi yo mu mpande

3. Ubuzima bwiza:

– Nta kubangamira imirimo ya buri munsi, ushobora kwiyuhagira mu buryo busanzwe

– Ubuzima bwite bufite isura idasobanutse

4. Kugabanya ingorane:

– Kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara phlebitis, gukurura imiti, n'ibindi.

- Kugabanya kwangirika kw'imitsi

5. Ubukungu:

– Igiciro gito cyo gukoresha igihe kirekire ugereranije no gukoresha catheter inshuro nyinshi

- Kugabanya igihe cyo kujya mu bitaro n'ibiciro bijyana nabyo

6. Ibikenewe bike mu kubungabunga

- Bitandukanye n'imirongo yo hagati yo hanze, imiyoboro ishobora guterwamo isaba guhindurwa no kwitabwaho gake.

7. Kongera uburyo bwo gutanga imiti

- Ituma imitsi minini igera mu buryo butaziguye, ikongera uburyo imiti ifata kandi ikagabanya uburibwe bw'imitsi.

V. Uburyo bwo guhitamo umuyoboro ukwiye wo guterwamo (Chemo Ports)

Guhitamo umuyoboro ukwiriye wo guteramo amaraso biterwa n'ibintu byinshi:

1. Indwara:
   • Inzira zo kuvura indwara imwe gusa zirahagije ku miti isanzwe ya chimiotherapie, mu gihe inzira zo kuvura indwara ebyiri ari nziza ku barwayi bakeneye guterwa imiti icyarimwe.
   • Imbuga ziterwa n'amashanyarazi zirasabwa ku barwayi bakorerwa isuzuma rikoresha uburyo bwo gupima ibintu bitandukanye kenshi.
2. Ibikoresho n'uburyo MRI ihura:
   • Abarwayi bafite ubwivumbure bw'ibyuma bagomba guhitamo imiyoboro ya plastiki.
   • Ibikoresho bya titanium bihuye na MRI ni byo byiza ku barwayi bakeneye gupima amashusho buri gihe.
3. Ingano y'icyambu n'aho giherereye:
   • Tekereza ingano y'umubiri w'umurwayi n'aho yifuza ko yashyirwa (igituza ugereranyije n'ukuboko).
   • Inzira nto zishobora kuba nziza ku barwayi b'abana cyangwa abantu bafite ibinure bike mu mubiri.
4. Inshuro zo Gukoresha:
   • Iyo hakenewe gukururwa amaraso kenshi cyangwa guterwa amaraso menshi, icyuma gitera amaraso inshuro ebyiri cyangwa amashanyarazi ni ingirakamaro.
5. Inama ku batanga serivisi z'ubuvuzi:
   • Kugisha inama umuganga cyangwa umuganga w’indwara za kanseri bituma ubwoko bw’indwara ya kanseri buhura neza n’uburyo umurwayi avurwa n’ubuzima bwe.

VI. Ibigomba kwitabwaho mu gihe ugura icyambu gishobora gushyirwamo (Chemo Ports)

1.Ikirango n'uruganda

Hitamo inganda zizwi zifite icyemezo cya FDA, CE, cyangwa ISO13485 kugira ngo zirebe ko zifite ubuziranenge n'umutekano.

2. Kuba bihuza n'ibinyabuzima

Menya neza ko ibikoresho byakoreshejwe (titanium, silicone, cyangwa pulasitiki) bihuye n'umubiri kandi bigabanye ibyago byo kugira allergie.

3. Gufata neza no gupfunyika

Icyambu kigomba kuba cyarateguwe mbere kandi kigafungwa mu mapaki adakoreshwa mu kwangiza kugira ngo bigabanye ibyago byo kwandura.

4. Kugaragara no kumenya icyambu

Hari imiyoboro imwe n'imwe ifite ibimenyetso by'indangamuntu cyangwa ibikoresho bya radiopaque biri muri iyo porogaramu kugira ngo byoroshye kuyimenya mu gihe cyo gupima amashusho.

5. Guhuza urushinge

Menya neza ko icyambu gihuye n'inshinge zisanzwe za Huber kugira ngo byoroshye kandi bigerweho mu mutekano.

6. Ibiciro n'uburyo bwo kugabanya ikiguzi

Nubwo hari imbogamizi mu ngengo y'imari, shyira imbere ubuziranenge no kuramba kugira ngo hirindwe ko hagira usimburana cyangwa ingorane nyinshi.

7.Isuzuma ry'abakoresha n'ibitekerezo by'abaganga

Suzuma ibitekerezo by'inzobere mu by'ubuzima ku bijyanye n'ubwizerwe n'imikorere y'ibirango bitandukanye bya port.

8. Inkunga mu mahugurwa:

Menya neza ko umucuruzi atanga amahugurwa y'umwuga ku ikoreshwa ry'icyo gicuruzwa.

Sobanukirwa amabwiriza yo kubungabunga ibicuruzwa no gukemura ibibazo.

Ibiranga icyambu gishobora gushyirwamo (Chemo Ports) bitangwa na Shanghai Teamstand Corporation

Agakapu k'inyuma gafite imiterere y'imbere isobanutse neza gatuma gacibwa gato.

Umuyoboro w'ingingo eshatu ufite imiterere y'imirongo y'umuyoboro ituma urushaho gukomera.

Ingufuri yo guhuza idapfunyika.

Umuyoboro wa polysulfone ni woroshye, ufite ibyiyumvo by'umubiri w'amahanga.

Byoroshye gutera. Byoroshye kubungabunga.

Bigamije kugabanya igipimo cy'ingorane.

MR ifite ibipimo kugeza kuri 3-Tesla.

Ikimenyetso cya 8.5F Radiopaque CT cyashyizwe muri port septum kugira ngo kigaragare munsi ya x-ray.

Ituma umuntu ashobora guterwa ingufu kugeza kuri 5mL/segonda na 300psi.

Ihuye n'inshinge zose z'amashanyarazi.

Ikimenyetso cya CT cya Radiopaque gishyizwe muri septum ya port kugira ngo kigaragare munsi ya x-ray.

Umwanzuro

Nk'umuntu uteye imbereigikoresho cy'ubuvuzi, imyaro ishobora gushyirwamo(Ibyambu bya Chemo)gutanga igisubizo cyizewe kandi cyoroshye ku barwayi bakeneye kuvurwa mu mitsi igihe kirekire. Mu gusobanukirwa ibisobanuro, imiterere, ubwoko n'akamaro k'ibyambu bitera imiti, abarwayi n'amatsinda y'ubuvuzi bashobora gufata ibyemezo birambuye. Gutekereza ku byo umurwayi akeneye, ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa na serivisi ahabwa mu gihe cyo kugura no gukoresha bizafasha mu kwemeza ko ubuvuzi butanga umusaruro n'umutekano w'umurwayi. Uko ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzi rikomeza gutera imbere, imiterere n'imikorere y'ibyambu bishobora guterwa imiti bizakomeza kunozwa kugira ngo umurwayi arusheho kugira uburambe bwiza.

Mu gihe uguze icyambu gishobora gushyirwamo (Chemo Ports), menya neza ko cyujuje ibisabwa mu mutekano, gihuye n’ibipimo ngenderwaho, kandi gihuye n’ibikoresho bikenewe. Iyo uhisemo neza kandi ukitabwaho, icyambu gishobora gushyirwamo (chemo ports) gishobora kunoza cyane ubuzima bw’abarwayi bakeneye gukoresha imiti igabanya imitsi mu gihe kirekire.

Mu gukurikiza iyi nyandiko yuzuye, abarwayi n'inzobere mu by'ubuvuzi bashobora gufata ibyemezo bisobanutse neza ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwiza bwo gutera imiti (Chemo port) bwo kuvurwa mu mitsi igihe kirekire.