Ubushinwa bwabaye ihuriro rikomeye ku isi mu gukora no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahangaibikoresho by'ubuvuzi. Kubera ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa n'ibiciro biri ku rwego rwo hejuru, igihugu gikurura abaguzi ku isi yose. Ariko, gutumiza ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi mu Bushinwa bikubiyemo ibintu byinshi by'ingenzi kugira ngo harebwe ko byubahirizwa, bifite ireme kandi binoze. Dore uburyo butandatu bw'ingenzi bwo gukurikiza mu gutumiza ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi mu Bushinwa.
1. Sobanukirwa iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko agenga iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko
Mbere yo gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa amategeko agenga akarere n’amategeko mpuzamahanga. Ibihugu byinshi, harimo n’ibihugu bigize Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi n’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, bisaba ko ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi byuzuza amahame akaze. Ibi bivuze ko ibikoresho byose by’ubuvuzi utumiza bivuye mu Bushinwa bigomba kubahiriza aya mategeko kugira ngo birebe ko umurwayi afite umutekano n’ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa bye. Impamyabushobozi zisanzwe zo kugenzura zirimo:
- Kwemeza FDA ku bikoresho byinjira ku isoko rya Amerika.
- Ikimenyetso cya CE ku bikoresho bigenewe Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi.
- Icyemezo cya ISO 13485, gikubiyemo uburyo bwo gucunga ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi.
Saba ibyemezo ku batanga serivisi mu ntangiriro z'ibiganiro. Kwemeza ibyemezo bishobora kukurinda igihe n'imbogamizi zishobora kubaho mu mategeko.
Shanghai Teamstand Corporation ni umucuruzi w’umwuga akaba n’umukora ufite uburambe bwinshi, kandi ibyinshi mu bicuruzwa byacu ni CE, ISO13485, byemejwe na FDA, kandi ibicuruzwa byacu byoherezwa mu bihugu byinshi ku isi.
2. Suzuma ubunararibonye bw'umutanga serivisi n'icyubahiro cye
Ubunararibonye bw'umutanga serivisi mu gukora ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi ni ingenzi cyane. Guhitamo umutanga serivisi ufite amateka akomeye mu nganda z'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi bifasha kumenya neza ibisabwa n'amahame y'ubuziranenge ku isoko ryawe. Dore intambwe zimwe na zimwe zo gusuzuma icyizere cy'umutanga serivisi:
- Saba umutanga serivisi gutanga amazina y'abakiriya bakoranaga mbere.
- Baza abatanga ibicuruzwa niba bafite uburambe bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga mbere.
- Sura uruganda rwabo cyangwa ibiro byabo. Niba bishoboka, kugira ngo wirebere inzira bakoramo n'uburyo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge.
Gukorana n'abatanga serivisi b'inararibonye byongera amahirwe yo kubona ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa kandi bifite ireme.
3. Suzuma Ubwiza bw'Igicuruzwa n'Ubuhanga mu Kwitwara neza
Ubwiza ntibushobora kuganirwaho iyo bigeze ku bikoresho by'ubuvuzi, kuko ibi bikoresho bigira ingaruka ku buzima n'umutekano. Gukora igenzura rikwiye birimo:
- Gusuzuma ingero kugira ngo hamenyekane ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa mbere yo gutanga commande nini.
- Gusaba igenzura ry’umuntu wa gatatu binyuze mu bigo nka SGS cyangwa TÜV, bishobora kugenzura ibicuruzwa mu byiciro bitandukanye, kuva ku byakozwe kugeza ku byoherejwe mbere yo koherezwa.
- Gukora isuzuma rya laboratwari niba bikenewe, cyane cyane ku bikoresho bigoye cyangwa bifite ibyago byinshi, kugira ngo harebwe ko byujuje ibisabwa mu rwego rw'ubuziranenge mu gihugu cyawe.
Gushyikirana buri gihe n'umutanga serivisi ku birebana n'ibyo yiteze ku buziranenge no kugenzura buri gihe bishobora gufasha gukumira ibibazo bijyanye n'ubuziranenge.
4. Sobanukirwa n'amabwiriza agenga kwishyura n'umutekano w'imari
Amasezerano yo kwishyura asobanutse neza arakurinda wowe n'umutanga ibicuruzwa. Abatanga ibicuruzwa bo mu Bushinwa muri rusange bakunda kubitsa mbere yo kubikuza n'andi asigaye mbere yo kohereza ibicuruzwa. Amwe mu mahitamo yo kwishyura mu mutekano arimo:
- Ibaruwa y'Inguzanyo (L/C): Ibi bitanga uburinzi ku mpande zombi kandi birasabwa ku mabwiriza manini.
- Kohereza amafaranga kuri Telegraphic (T/T): Nubwo ikoreshwa kenshi, isaba icyizere kuko isaba kwishyura mbere y'igihe.
Menya neza ko usobanukiwe amabwiriza yo kwishyura y'umutanga ibicuruzwa kandi ushyiremo amasezerano asobanutse ku gusubizwa amafaranga cyangwa kugaruza ibicuruzwa mu gihe habayeho ibibazo by'ubwiza cyangwa ibyo watanze.
5. Gahunda y'ibijyanye n'ubwikorezi n'ibisobanuro birambuye ku bijyanye n'ubwikorezi
Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga bisaba uburyo bwiza bwo kubikoresha kandi akenshi bisaba gupfunyika byihariye kugira ngo bigere bitangiritse. Fatanya n'umutanga serivisi n'umutanga serivisi zo gutwara ibintu kugira ngo wumve uburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa, ibisabwa kuri gasutamo, n'inyandiko. Inama zimwe na zimwe zo gutekerezaho zirimo:
- Guhitamo Incoterms nziza (urugero, FOB, CIF, cyangwa EXW) hashingiwe ku ngengo y'imari yawe n'uburambe bwawe mu bijyanye n'ibijyanye n'itumanaho.
- Kugenzura amahame yo gupakira no gushyira ibirango ku bicuruzwa akurikije amabwiriza y’Ubushinwa n’ay’ibihugu bitumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga.
- Kwitegura kwemererwa kwa gasutamo no kugenzura ko inyandiko zose ari ukuri, harimo ibyemezo, inyemezabuguzi, n'urutonde rw'ibipakiye.
Guhitamo umufatanyabikorwa w'inararibonye mu bijyanye n'ibijyanye n'ubwikorezi bishobora gufasha mu kunoza inzira yo kwishyura ibicuruzwa kuri gasutamo no kugabanya gutinda gutunguranye.
6. Tegura ingamba zo gucunga ingaruka
Gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, cyane cyane mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi, bizana ingaruka mbi. Zimwe mu ngaruka zishobora kuvugwaho ni ugutinda, ibibazo by'ubuziranenge, cyangwa impinduka mu mategeko. Gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda yo gucunga ingaruka ni ngombwa kugira ngo bigabanye izi ngaruka:
- Hindura abatanga serivisi zawe kugira ngo wirinde kwishingikiriza cyane ku isoko rimwe. Ibi biguha amahitamo yo kwiyandikisha niba habayeho ibibazo ku mutanga serivisi umwe.
- Gushyiraho gahunda y'ibintu bishobora gutinda bitunguranye, nko kubika ububiko bw'ibintu byinshi cyangwa gukorana n'abatanga ibicuruzwa bo mu gace utuyemo igihe bishoboka.
- Komeza umenyeshwe impinduka mu mategeko zishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo bwo kwinjiza ibicuruzwa mu gihugu cyangwa ku bipimo by'ibikoresho byemewe ku isoko ryawe.
Gucunga neza ingaruka zishobora kugufasha kuzigama igihe, amafaranga, no kurinda izina ry'ubucuruzi bwawe mu gihe kirekire.
Umwanzuro
Gutumiza ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi mu Bushinwa bitanga inyungu ku giciro, ariko bisaba igenamigambi ryitondewe no kwitonda kugira ngo harebwe ko ireme ry’ibicuruzwa n’amategeko bikurikizwa. Ukurikije izi ntambwe esheshatu z’ingirakamaro—kwibanda ku kubahiriza amategeko, izina ry’umutanga serivisi, kwemeza ubuziranenge, umutekano w’amafaranga, igenamigambi ry’ibikoresho, no gucunga ingaruka—ushobora gushyiraho inzira yoroshye kandi yizewe yo gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga. Gufatanya n’umutanga serivisi w’ubuvuzi uzwi nka Shanghai Teamstand Corporation, inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi, bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibyago no gutanga amahoro yo mu mutima, bikanatuma ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi byinjijwe mu mahanga byujuje ibisabwa kandi bikagera ku bakiriya bawe ku gihe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-04-2024