Isesengura ryiterambere ryinganda zikoreshwa mubuvuzi

Isesengura ryiterambere ryibikoresho byo kwa mugangainganda

-Isoko rikenewe rirakomeye, kandi imbaraga ziterambere zizaza ni nini.

Ijambo ryibanze: ibikoreshwa mubuvuzi, gusaza kwabaturage, ingano yisoko, aho bigenda

1. Amajyambere yiterambere:Mu rwego rwo gusaba na politiki,ibikoresho byo kwa mugangabigenda bitera imbere. Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryubukungu, imibereho yabantu iragenda itera imbere buhoro buhoro, abantu barushaho kwita kubibazo byubuzima, kandi bagakoresha byinshi mubuvuzi. Nk’uko Ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare kibitangaza, amafaranga yo kwivuza yavuye ku mafaranga 1451 muri 2017 agera ku madolari 2120 muri 2022. Muri icyo gihe, urugero rw'ubusaza mu gihugu cyanjye rugenda rwiyongera, kandi hakaba hakenewe cyane ubuvuzi. Imibare irerekana ko abaturage bafite imyaka 65 nayirenga nabo berekana icyerekezo cyiyongera, kiva kuri miliyoni 159.61 kigera kuri miliyoni 209.78. Kwiyongera gahoro gahoro kubisabwa byatumye ubwiyongere bwibikoresho byubuvuzi bikomeza kwiyongera, kandi ingano yisoko ryibikoresho byubuvuzi bizagenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro.

Inganda zubuvuzi zifitanye isano nubuzima n’umutekano w’abaturage, kandi buri gihe ni inganda zingenzi mu iterambere ry’igihugu. Nyamara, mu myaka yashize, ibibazo nkibiciro byazamutse ndetse no gukoresha cyane bimwe mu bikoreshwa mu buvuzi byagaragaye kenshi, kandi isoko ry’ibikoreshwa mu buvuzi ni akajagari. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bigenda bitera imbere muburyo bunoze, kandi leta yatanze ingamba zitandukanye zo kugenzura inganda zikoreshwa mubuvuzi.

2.Iterambere ryimiterere: ibikoreshwa mubuvuzi bikoreshwa cyane, kandi igipimo cyisoko cyerekana iterambere rihoraho.

Bitewe nubwinshi nubwinshi bwibikoresho byubuvuzi mugihugu cyanjye, ntamahame ngenderwaho ahuriweho kubakoresha imiti muriki cyiciro. Nyamara, ukurikije agaciro k’ibikoresho byubuvuzi bikoreshwa mubikorwa bifatika, birashobora kugabanywa mubice bikoreshwa mubuvuzi budafite agaciro nibikoreshwa mubuvuzi bifite agaciro kanini. Nubwo igiciro cyibikoresho byo kwa muganga bifite agaciro gake ugereranije, amafaranga yakoreshejwe ni menshi, akaba afitanye isano cyane ninyungu zingenzi zabarwayi. Urebye imiterere yisoko ryagaciro-gaciroibikoresho byo kwa muganga, gutobora inshingen'ibikoresho by'isuku mu buvuzi birenga 50%, muri byo ibicuruzwa byatewe inshinge birenga 50%. Ikigereranyo ni 28%, naho ibikoresho byubuvuzi nisuku ni 25%. Nyamara, ibikoreshwa mubuvuzi bifite agaciro kanini ntabwo bifite inyungu mubijyanye nigiciro, ariko bifite ibisabwa bikomeye kumutekano kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byubuvuzi. Urebye ku kigereranyo cy’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi bifite agaciro kanini, ibikoreshwa mu mitsi biva mu mitsi byinjije 35,74%, biri hejuru ku isoko. Ku mwanya wa mbere, hakurikiraho ibikoreshwa mu kuvura amagufwa, bingana na 26.74%, naho ibikoreshwa mu kuvura amaso biza ku mwanya wa gatatu, bingana na 6.98%.

Ubushinwaibikoresho byo kwa mugangaimiterere y'isoko

Kugeza ubu, ibikoreshwa mu buvuzi byo gutera inshinge no gutobora birashobora kugabanywa gushiramo, gutobora, ubuforomo, umwihariko n’umuguzi, kandi imirima yabyo ni nini cyane. Isabwa ry'ibicuruzwa byacumiswe riragenda ryiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi iterambere ry’ejo hazaza ni rinini, kandi ingano y’isoko ryerekana ko iterambere ryifashe neza. Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, mu 2021, ingano y’isoko ry’ibicuruzwa by’ubuvuzi n’ubuvuzi by’igihugu cyanjye bizagera kuri miliyari 29.1 Yuan, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 6.99% ugereranije na 2020. Biteganijwe ko uzakomeza kwiyongera mu 2022, ukiyongera ku gipimo cya 14.09% kugeza kuri miliyari 33.2.

Imiyoboro y'amaraso ikoreshwareba ibintu bifite agaciro kanini bikoreshwa mukubaga imiyoboro y'amaraso, ukoresheje inshinge zacumita, insinga ziyobora, catheters nibindi bikoreshwa kugirango ubinjize muri lesion kugirango bivurwe byoroheje binyuze mumitsi yamaraso. Nk’uko urubuga ruvurirwa rubitangaza, barashobora kugabanywamo: Ibiryo byifashishwa mu kuvura indwara zifata umutima, imitsi ya Cerebrovascular interventional ikoreshwa hamwe n’ibikoreshwa mu mitsi ya periferique. Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, kuva mu 2017 kugeza mu wa 2019, ingano y’isoko ry’ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu mitsi y’Ubushinwa bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro, ariko ingano y’isoko izagabanuka muri 2020. Ibi biterwa ahanini n’uko Leta yateguye amasoko yo hagati y’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi bifite agaciro gakomeye by’ubuvuzi muri iyo myaka. , bigatuma igabanuka ryibiciro byibicuruzwa. , ari nacyo cyatumye igabanuka ry’isoko rya miliyari 9.1. Mu 2021, ingano y’isoko ry’ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa bikoresha interineti bizagera kuri miliyari 43.2, byiyongereyeho ugereranije na 2020, ni 3.35%.

Mumyaka yashize, yibasiwe nibisabwa hasi, ingano yisoko yaibikoresho byo kwa mugangayagiye yiyongera uko umwaka utashye, kuva kuri miliyari 140.4 mu mwaka wa 2017 ugera kuri miliyari 269 mu 2021.Biteganijwe ko hamwe n’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage bageze mu za bukuru mu gihe kiri imbere, indwara z’indwara zidakira ziziyongera. Kuzamuka uko umwaka utashye, umubare wibigo byubuvuzi numubare wibitaro uriyongera vuba. Urufatiro runini rwo gusuzuma no kuvura abarwayi, cyane cyane abarwayi bari mu bitaro, rwazanye umwanya munini w’isoko ryo guteza imbere inganda zikoreshwa mu buvuzi. Mu 2022, ingano y’isoko ry’ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu buvuzi izagera kuri miliyari 294.2 Yuan, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 9.37% kuva 2021.

3.

Hamwe n'ubwiyongere busanzwe bw'abatuye isi, gusaza kw'abaturage, ndetse n'izamuka ry'ubukungu mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere, isoko ry’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi ku isi bizakomeza kwiyongera mu gihe kirekire, bityo umusaruro no kugurisha ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi n’ibigo bifitanye isano bizakomeza. kwiyongera.

4.

1. Ingaruka ziterwa ninganda zinganda zo hasi, ibikoreshwa mubuvuzi byatangije iterambere ryihuse

Iterambere rya serivisi z’ubuvuzi n’ubuzima mu Bushinwa, ibikoreshwa mu buvuzi bigira uruhare runini muri serivisi z’ubuvuzi. Ibikoreshwa mu buvuzi ntibifasha gusa kunoza umutekano w’ubugenzuzi no gukumira ikwirakwizwa ry’indwara ziterwa n’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi hagati y’abaganga n’abarwayi, ariko kandi n’ibicuruzwa byinshi, nk'ibikoresho byo kubaga bikoreshwa, kubishyira mu gaciro gakomeye, n'ibindi. Ingaruka zifite akamaro gakomeye. ingaruka, n'ubwiza bwayo n'umutekano bifitanye isano n'ubuzima n'ubuzima bw'abarwayi. Mu myaka yashize, hamwe no gusaza kw'abaturage, kuzamura imikoreshereze no kongera ubushobozi bwo kwishyura byazanywe n'ivugurura rishya ry'ubuvuzi, umubare w'ibitaro no kwiyongera kw'abakozi bo mu buvuzi ntibiri kure cyane ku isoko. Ibura ry'ibicuruzwa ryabaye ukuvuguruzanya gukomeye kw '"ingorane zo kubona umuganga", byatumye Ubushinwa Hamwe n'iterambere rikomeye ry'inganda z'ubuvuzi muri rusange, inganda zikoreshwa mu buvuzi zitangiza igihe cyizahabu cy'iterambere.

2. Inzira yo gusimburana murugo iragaragara

Mu myaka yashize, igihugu cyanjye cyatangaje kenshi politiki yo gushishikariza iterambere ry’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi bwo mu ngo, kandi ibigo by’ubuvuzi byo mu gihugu byatangije igihe cyiza cya zahabu. Nkigice cyingenzi cyisoko ryibikoresho byubuvuzi, ibikoresho byubuvuzi bifite agaciro kanini bifite ibyiciro byuzuye nyuma yimyaka yiterambere ryihuse. Nyamara, kubera ko ibyiciro byinshi byisoko ryimbere mu gihugu bikiganjemo ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga igihe kinini, igice kinini cyisoko ryibikoresho by’ubuvuzi bifite agaciro kanini bikoreshwa n’abakora mu mahanga, kandi amoko make y’ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu afite umwanya runaka. Kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke, Leta yatanze politiki zitandukanye zo guteza imbere inganda. Kurugero, mugutezimbere politiki yamasoko yibanze, ibigo byimbere mu gihugu ntibishobora kugera kumugabane wihuse wamasoko gusa, ahubwo binagira inyungu zumuyoboro kandi bigirira ikizere abaganga. Yashyizeho urufatiro rwiza kubicuruzwa byinshi bishya byinjira mubitaro ejo hazaza. Ibikoreshwa murugo nabyo byatangiye gutangiza isoko yiterambere.

3. Kwibanda ku nganda byarushijeho kunozwa, kandi ishoramari R&D ry’inganda ryashimangiwe

Ingaruka za politiki yigihugu yo gutanga amasoko menshi, igiciro cyibikoresho byubuvuzi byagabanutse buhoro buhoro. Nubwo ibi bifite akarusho kubiciro byibicuruzwa ku masosiyete akomeye yo mu gihugu, bifite kandi inyungu mubushobozi bwo gukora no gutanga ubushobozi. Ariko, ibi byatumye imishinga mito n'iciriritse. Biragoye guhangana namasosiyete akomeye, ibyo bikaba byarushijeho kongera ingufu mu nganda. Byongeye kandi, kubera igabanuka ryinshi ryibiciro byatsindiye isoko ryibiciro byinshi byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bikoreshwa mu buvuzi, byateje igitutu runaka mu gihe gito ku mikorere y’amasosiyete yo mu gihugu. Ibigo byinshi byakomeje kongera ubushakashatsi nishoramari ryiterambere kugirango bibone inyungu nshya ziyongera.