Isesengura ryiterambere ryinganda zikoreshwa mubuvuzi

Isesengura ryiterambere ryaAmafaranga akoreshwa mu buvuziinganda

-Ibisabwa isoko birakomeye, kandi ubushobozi bwiterambere buzaza ni bunini.

Ijambo ryibanze: Amafaranga akoreshwa mu buvuzi, umaze gusaza abaturage, ingano y'isoko, moteri

1.Mu rwego rwo gusaba na politiki,Amafaranga akoreshwa mu buvuzibuhoro buhoro. Hamwe no kuzamura ubukungu bwihuse, ubuzima bwabantu bugenda butera imbere buhoro buhoro, abantu bitondera cyane kubibazo byubuzima, kandi bakoresha byinshi kandi byinshi kubuvuzi. Nk'uko byatangajwe n'imibare y'igihugu n'imikoreshereze y'ubuzima byiyongereye kuva ku 1451 yiyongereye kuva ku 1451 yajya mu 2017 kugeza $ 2120 muri 2022. Muri icyo gihe, urugero rwo gusaza mu gihugu cyanjye ni ugusaba ubuvuzi. Amakuru yerekana ko abaturage bafite imyaka 65 kandi hejuru kandi yerekana uburyo bwo kwiyongera, kwiyongera kuva kuri miliyoni 159.61 kugeza kuri miliyoni 209.78. Kwiyongera gahoro gahoro gasabwa byatumye ubwiyongere bwo kwiyongera kwibikoresho byo kwivuza, kandi ingano yisoko yo gukoresha ubuvuzi izaguka buhoro buhoro.

Inganda z'ubuvuzi zifitanye isano n'ubuzima n'umutekano by'abaturage, kandi byahoze ari inganda z'ingenzi muri gahunda yo guteza imbere igihugu. Ariko, mumyaka yashize, ibibazo nkibiciro byuzuye kandi bigakoreshwa kubiribwa ku buvuzi byakunze kugaragara kenshi, kandi isoko rishinzwe kunywa n'ubuvuzi ni akajagari. Inzira isanzwe iratera imbere muburyo butondekanye, kandi leta yatanze ingamba zingana zo kugenzura inganda zikoreshwa mu buvuzi.

2.Iterambere ryiterambere: Amafaranga akoreshwa cyane akoreshwa cyane, kandi isoko ryisoko ryerekana iterambere rihoraho.

Kubera ibintu bitandukanye kandi byinshi bikoreshwa mu gihugu cyanjye mu gihugu cyanjye, nta gipimo cyo gupima gihuriweho cyo kunywa ubuvuzi kuri iki cyiciro. Ariko, ukurikije agaciro ko gukoresha ubuvuzi mu bikorwa bifatika mu bikorwa bifatika, birashoboka ko bigabanywamo amafaranga make yo kuvura no gukoresha ubuvuzi buke kandi bukoreshwa cyane. Nubwo igiciro cyagaciro-cyo kwivuza gikoreshwa cyane, umubare wakoreshwa ni munini, ufitanye isano cyane ninyungu zingenzi zabarwayi. Ukurikije imiterere yisoko ryagaciroAmafaranga akoreshwa mu buvuzi, Gutontorwana konte yubuvuzi kuri konti zirenga 50%, ya konte yo gutera inyota kuri 50%. Ikigereranyo ni 28%, naho umubare wibikoresho byubuvuzi ni 25%. Ariko, amafaranga menshi yo kuvura-ubuvuzi ntabwo afite akarusho ukurikije igiciro, ariko bifite akamaro kanini kumutekano kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byubuvuzi. Gucira urubanza ibigereranijwe nagaciro-ubuvuzi bufite agaciro-ubuvuzi, ibiciro bikoreshwa mu gaciro byatewe 35.74%, hejuru cyane ku isoko. Urutonde rwa mbere, rukurikirwa n'amagufwa akoreshwa n'amagufwa, ibaruramira 26.74%, n'amaso anywa amajwi akoreshwa mu cya gatatu, ibarura kuri 6.98%.

UbushinwaAmafaranga akoreshwa mu buvuziImiterere

Kugeza ubu, ibikoresha ubuvuzi bwo gutera inshinge no gucukurwa birashobora kugabanywamo imvura, ucumitanya, ubuforomo, umwihariko, kandi umuguzi, kandi ibyangombwa byabo ni byinshi. Icyifuzo cyo gucumbika ibicuruzwa bigenda byiyongera, kandi ubushobozi bwiterambere buzaza ni bunini, kandi ingano yisoko yerekana uburyo bwo gukura buhamye. Nk'uko imibare ivuga ko mu 2021, ingano y'isoko ry'ibicuruzwa byanjye by'ubuvuzi n'ibyorezo byatanzwe na miliyari 29.1, kwiyongera k'umwaka wa 6,99.

Ibikorwa byinshi bikoreshwaReba kuri Agaciro-gaciro-gakoreshwa mu kubagwa imitsi, ukoresheje inshinge zuzuye, uyobora inshinge, guta insinga, gutaka hamwe nizindi zikoreshwa kugirango zimenyekanishe mubyifuzo byiza binyuze mumiyoboro idahuye binyuze mumitsi itandukanye. Nk'uko urubuga rwo kuvura rubitangaza ngo rushobora kugabanywamo: Imitima ihagaze neza, imitangire y'urwanyi itanze kandi ikoresha ibidukikije bya periplarale bikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye. Nk'uko imibare ivuga ko kuva 2017 kugeza 2019, ubunini bw'isoko cy'amasoko akoreshwa mu buryo bwihuse bwagendaga bwiyongereye buhoro buhoro, ariko ingano y'isoko izagabanuka muri 2020. Ibi cyane cyane kubera ko Leta yagabanije amafaranga menshi muri iyo myaka, ibiciro by'ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa. kandi na byo byatumye habaho kugabanya ingano ya miliyari 9.1 za miliyari 9.1. Muri 2021, ingano yisoko ryimikorere yubushinwa itanze izagera kuri miliyari 43.2, ubwiyongere buto burenze 2020, ni 3.35%.

Mu myaka yashize, yibasiwe na Downstream isaba, ingano yisoko ryaAmafaranga akoreshwa mu buvuziMu mwaka w'imyaka 140. Kuzamuka uko umwaka utashye, umubare wibigo byubuvuzi numubare wibitaro biriyongera vuba. Ishingiro rinini ryo gusuzuma no kuvura abarwayi, cyane cyane abarwayi bitabiriye ibitaro, ryazanye umwanya munini w'isoko ry'iterambere ry'inganda zikoreshwa mu buvuzi. Muri 2022, ingano yisoko yo gukoresha ubuvuzi izagera kuri miliyari 294.2.

3. Imiterere yimishinga: Umubare munini wunganira udukoko unywa ubuvuzi ujyanye nibigo bifitanye isano ni muremure, kandi amarushanwa yisoko arakaze

Hamwe n'iterambere risanzwe ryabaturage ku isi, gusaza abaturage, ndetse n'imikurire yubukungu yiterambere, isoko yibikoresho byibikoresho byisi bizakomeza gukura mugihe kirekire, bityo umusaruro wubuvuzi ku isi uzakomeza gukura mugihe kirekire, bityo umusaruro wo kwicuruza no kugurisha kubisosiyete bifitanye isano bizakomeza kwiyongera.

4. Iterambere Ryiza: Inzira yo gusimburwa mu gihugu irihuta, kandi ifaranga ryakoreshejwe mu buvuzi zirimo kwinjiza mu gihe cy'iterambere rya zahabu

1. Byatewe n'ibisabwa n'inganda zamanutse, zikoreshwa mu buvuzi zakoreshejwe mu iterambere ryihuse

Hamwe niterambere rya serivisi zubuvuzi nubuzima bwubuvuzi, ibikoresha byubuvuzi bigira uruhare rukomeye muri serivisi zubuvuzi. Ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu buvuzi ntibifasha gusa kunoza umutekano wo kugenzura no gukumira ikwirakwizwa ry'indwara ziterwa n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi hagati y'abaganga, kandi bingana n'ibicuruzwa byinshi, kandi imico n'umutekano bifitanye isano n'ubuzima n'ubuzima bw'abarwayi. Mu myaka yashize, ageze mu gusaza abaturage, kuzamura imikoreshereze no kunoza ubushobozi bwo kwishyura bwazanywe n'ivugurura rishya ry'ubuvuzi, umubare w'ibitaro no kongera abakozi b'ubuvuzi bitaba kure yo gukomeza gusaba isoko. Ibura ry'amasoko ryabaye intangarugero nyamukuru zibi "ingorane zo kubonana na muganga", watumye Ubushinwa buba mu iterambere ry'inganda z'ubuvuzi muri rusange inganda z'ubuvuzi muri rusange, inganda zikoreshwa mu buvuzi zinjiza mu gihe cy'iterambere rya zahabu.

2. Inzira yo gusimburwa mu gihugu iragaragara

Mu myaka yashize, igihugu cyanjye cyakunze kwibaza politiki yo guteza imbere ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi byo mu rugo, hamwe n'amasosiyete y'ibikoresho byo mu rugo yakoresheje mu gihe cya zahabu. Nkibice byingenzi byisoko yibikoresho byubuvuzi, amafaranga menshi yo kuvura ubuvuzi afite ibyiciro byuzuye nyuma yimyaka myinshi yiterambere ryihuse. Ariko, kubera ko ibyinshi mu masoko yo mu gihugu bikomeje gutegekwa mu mahanga igihe kirekire, amafaranga menshi yo ku isoko akoreshwa cyane mu mahanga akoreshwa n'abashinzwe ubuvuzi mu mahanga, kandi ubwoko butandukanye bwibicuruzwa byo murugo bifite umwanya runaka. Kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke, Leta yatanze politiki ikomeye yo guteza imbere inganda z'inganda. Kurugero, mugutezimbere politiki yo gutanga amasoko yashyizwemo, imishinga iyobora murugo ntishobora kugera ku isoko ryihuse gusa, ariko kandi ifite inyungu zumukoresha kandi itsinde abaganga. Yashyizeho urufatiro rwiza kubicuruzwa bishya kugirango binjire mu bitaro ejo hazaza. Ifaranga ryo mu rugo nazo zaratangiye kwinjiza mu mpeshyi y'iterambere.

3. Inganda zibanda ku nganda zaratejwe imbere, kandi R & D ishoramari ry'ibigo byashimangiwe

Byatewe na Politiki y'igihugu yo gutanga amasoko nyinshi, igiciro cyo gukoresha ibicuruzwa byanze buhoro buhoro. Nubwo ibi bifite akarusho kubiciro byibicuruzwa kubigo byimbere mu gihugu, bifite kandi ibyiza mubikorwa byo gukora no gukoresha ubushobozi bwo gutanga. Ariko, ibi byatumye imishinga mito n'iciriritse. Biragoye guhatanira ibigo byambere, byongeye kongeramo ibitekerezo byinganda. Byongeye kandi, kubera igitonyanga kinini mu gutsinda ibiciro byatsinze byinshi byakoreshejwe cyane cyane mu buvuzi buhebuje, byateje igitutu runaka cy'igihe gito ku mikorere y'amasosiyete yo mu ngo. Amasosiyete menshi yakomeje kongera ishoramari nubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ishoramari rishya ryimikurire.