Umuyoboro wa Endotracheal ni iki? Imikoreshereze, Ubwoko, n'Ubuyobozi bwo Gushyiramo Intubation

Umuyoboro wa Endotracheal ni iki?

An umuyoboro w'amarasoni uburyo bworoshye bwo guhindura ibintuigikoresho cy'ubuvuziBishyirwa mu muyoboro w'amazi (trachea) kugira ngo umwuka ufunguke, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo kubagwa cyangwa ubuvuzi bwihutirwa. Bituma umwuka wa ogisijeni, imyuka itera ububabare, n'indi miti bigezwa mu bihaha.

Kuki dukoreshaImiyoboro y'amaraso yo mu nda?

ETT ni ingenzi mu bihe bitandukanye by'ubuvuzi, nko:

Kuziba inzira y'umwuka (ikintu cyafashwe mu nzira y'umwuka, kibuza urujya n'uruza rw'umwuka).
Guhagarara k'umutima (gutakaza imikorere y'umutima mu buryo butunguranye).
Ijosi ryawe, inda cyangwa igituza bikomereka cyangwa bigakomeretsa, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka ku myanya y'ubuhumekero.
Iyo umuntu adashobora guhumeka mu buryo butunguranye iyo atazi cyangwa arwaye cyane.
Gukora operasiyo izatuma udashobora guhumeka wenyine.
Kunanirwa guhumeka by'igihe gito.
Ingaruka zo gushaka ubushake.

Ibice bigize umuyoboro w'amaraso

Ibice by'ingenzi bigize umuyoboro wa endotracheal birimo:

• Igice cy'umuyoboro: Bikozwe muri pulasitiki cyangwa kabutike, byinjijwe mu muyoboro w'amaraso
• Igikapu: Ifite umwuka mwinshi kugira ngo ifunge inzira y'ubuhumekero kandi irinde ko umwuka usohoka
• Ipuleti y'umupilote: Igaragaza igitutu cy'umuvuduko w'inyuma
• 15mm ihuriro rusange: Ihuzwa n'ibyuma bifasha guhumeka cyangwa amasakoshi akoreshwa n'intoki
• Ijisho rya Murphy: Igenzura ko umwuka utembera nubwo umutwe wayo waba ufunze

Ubwoko bw'imiyoboro y'inda ifata imitsi

ETT ziza mu buryo butandukanye bujyanye n'ibyo umurwayi akeneye ndetse n'uburyo bwo kubaga:

• Imiyoboro ifite imigozi cyangwa idafunze
• Imiyoboro yo mu kanwa cyangwa mu mazuru
• Imiyoboro yakozwe mbere (RAE)
• Imiyoboro ikomeje gukoreshwa
• Imiyoboro ifite lumen ebyiri(DLTs) zo kwitandukanya ibihaha

Itandukaniro riri hagati y'umuyoboro wo mu nda n'umuyoboro wo mu nda

Abantu benshi bavanga aya magambo, ariko yerekeza ku bintu bitandukanye:

• Gushyiramo insinga: ni uburyo bwo kwa muganga aho umuyoboro ushyirwa mu muhogo (trachea) unyuze mu kanwa cyangwa mu mazuru.Mu bihe byinshi byihutirwa, ishyirwa mu kanwa.
• Umuyoboro w'amaraso mu nda: Igikoresho gifatika cyashyizwemo mu gihe cyo gushyiramo umuyoboro

Uburyo bwo gukomeza gukoresha injishi (Intambwe ku yindi)

Uburyo bwo gushyiramo intanga bukubiyemo intambwe zikurikira:

1. Tegura ibikoresho byose bikenewe
2. Shyira umurwayi umwuka wa ogisijeni mbere y'uko atangira
3. Tanga imiti igabanya ububabare n'imitsi iruhura imitsi
4. Tekereza imivugo ukoresheje laryngoscope
5. Shyira umuyoboro w'amaraso mu muyoboro w'amaraso
6. Shyira umwuka mu gituza kugira ngo ufunge inzira y'ubuhumekero
7. Emeza aho uherereye ukoresheje capnography na auscultation
8. Komeza umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi n'icyuma gipima

Akamaro k'imiyoboro y'amaraso

Bishobora gutuma inzira y'ubuhumekero ifunguka, bityo abaganga bagashobora guha ogisijeni, imiti, cyangwa ikinya ku barwayi bamwe na bamwe barwaye cyane cyangwa batazi icyo barwaye.

Ifasha guhumeka mu ndwara zimwe na zimwe, nka pneumonia, emphysema, umutima unanirwa, ibihaha byacitse n'ibindi.

Fasha gukuraho ibiziba mu nzira y'ubuhumekero.

Shaka uburyo bwiza bwo kureba aho umwuka wo hejuru unyura.

Rinda ibihaha by'abantu bamwe na bamwe badashobora kurinda uburyo bwo guhumeka kandi bakaba bashobora guhumeka amazi (aspiration).

Kuki wahitamo imiyoboro y'amaraso ikoreshwa mu gutwita?

ETT zikoreshwa mu kujugunya amafarangabitanga umutekano n'uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora:

• Kunoza uburyo bwo kurwanya ubwandu
• Kuraho ibyifuzo byo gusukura cyangwa gukaraba
• Ihendutse kandi igabanya igihe
• Iboneka mu bunini butandukanye kugira ngo ikwirane neza

Uburyo bwiza bwo guhitamo no gukoresha

Hitamo ETT ikwiye ukurikije:

• Imyaka y'umurwayi n'imiterere y'imiyoboro y'ubuhumekero
• Uburyo buteganyijwe n'igihe bumara
• Guhuza ibikoresho (harimo MRI, nta latex, nibindi)

Buri gihe yemeza neza aho ikintu giherereye ukoresheje amashusho n'ibimenyetso by'uburwayi kugira ngo wirinde ingorane.

Umwanzuro

Itsindaumuyoboro w'amarasoni igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu gusinziriza no kwita ku buzima bwihutirwa. Kumenya guhitamo ubwoko bukwiye, gukoresha imashini ifasha mu muyoboro w'amaraso mu buryo bwizewe, no gukurikirana ikoreshwa ryayo bitanga umusaruro mwiza ku murwayi no kunoza imicungire y'ubuhumekero. Komeza ukurikirane uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha iki gikoresho cy'ingenzi mu buvuzi.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa)

Akamaro k'umuyoboro w'amaraso mu nda ni akahe?

Ikoreshwa mu kubungabunga uburyo bwo guhumeka bufunguye no gutuma habaho guhumeka cyangwa gusinziriza hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa "mechanical armée".

Ni gute umuyoboro w'amaraso urimo endotracheal utandukanye n'umuyoboro w'amaraso urimo intubation?

Umuyoboro w'amaraso ni wo ukoreshwa, mu gihe umuyoboro w'amaraso ari wo ushyirwa mu muyoboro w'amaraso.

Ese hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'imiyoboro y'amaraso?

Yego, harimo imiyoboro ifite icyuma gipfundikiye, idapfundikiye, ikoreshwa mu kanwa, mu mazuru, idakoresha laser, ndetse n'ifite lume ebyiri.

Ese gukoresha ETTs zikoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuzikoresha ni byiza kurushaho?

ETT zishobora gukoreshwa mu gihe hadakoreshejwe imiti igabanya ibyago byo kwandura kandi zikuraho intambwe zo gusukura, bigatuma zirushaho kuba nziza kandi zitekanye.